Design of mobile communication systems taking into account model characteristics of electromagnetic scattering on the soil cover

The way soils interact with electromagnetic fields determines their reflective properties. Such characteristics may be related to the intensity of ongoing reactions, thermal conditions, and spectral characteristics within soils. Based on the reflective properties, an analysis can be carried out within the framework of mapping and monitoring of soil covers. The effectiveness of research depends to a large extent on how the various processes that will affect the interaction of radio waves with soils are taken into account. This requires the development of appropriate models. In this paper, we consider the problem of an electromagnetic wave incident on a layer of soil, under which there is a layer of clay. It is shown how the process of reflection and refraction of electromagnetic waves occurs. The case of E- and H-polarization is considered. A boundary value problem for the propagation of an electromagnetic wave is formulated, taking into account the corresponding boundary conditions. In the course of its solution, calculations of the refractive coefficients of an electromagnetic wave for two polarizations were implemented numerically, depending on the angle of its initial propagation at given values of the dielectric constant of soil and clay. The case was considered when the soil moisture varied in height from the minimum to the maximum value. The obtained model estimates for the module and phase of the reflection coefficient of the wet soil layer provide opportunities for making design decisions related to the calculation of the total signal in a mobile communication system and determining soil cover displacements.

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